/* Original cascade block 1 */

:root{--ink:#152d35;--muted:#627981;--blue:#226e8d;--teal:#1f9f95;--line:#dbe8e8;--paper:#f7faf9;--white:#fff;--mist:#eaf4f3;--pad:clamp(22px,6.5vw,104px)}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:'DM Sans',sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{text-decoration:none;color:inherit}button{font:inherit}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #299d9b;outline-offset:4px}::selection{background:#b6e9df}.wrap{max-width:1590px;margin:auto;padding-left:var(--pad);padding-right:var(--pad)}.topbar{height:86px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:0 var(--pad);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:rgba(255,255,255,.87);backdrop-filter:blur(18px);position:sticky;top:0;z-index:30}.brand{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;font-family:Manrope;font-size:24px;letter-spacing:-1.4px;font-weight:800}.brand-mark{height:35px;width:35px}.brand small{display:block;letter-spacing:1.5px;font-size:8px;color:var(--muted);font-weight:700;margin-top:1px}.nav{display:flex;gap:36px;align-items:center;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.03em}.nav>a:not(.pill):hover{color:var(--teal)}.pill{background:var(--ink);border-radius:100px;color:white;padding:13px 20px}.pill:hover{background:var(--blue)}.mobile-toggle{display:none;background:none;border:0;font-size:26px;color:var(--ink)}.mobile-menu{display:none}.hero{position:relative;min-height:690px;overflow:hidden;background:linear-gradient(110deg,#fbfdfc 5%,#f5fbfa 48%,#e6f4f3 100%);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.hero:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(32,120,142,.055) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(to bottom,rgba(32,120,142,.055) 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:52px 52px;mask-image:linear-gradient(to right,transparent 18%,black 75%)}.hero-content{position:relative;z-index:3;padding-top:112px;padding-bottom:108px;width:54%;pointer-events:none}.hero-content a{pointer-events:auto}.micro{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2.3px;font-weight:800;color:var(--teal);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px}.micro:before{content:"";width:23px;height:1px;background:var(--teal)}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}.hero h1{font-family:Manrope,sans-serif;font-size:clamp(52px,5.35vw,89px);letter-spacing:-5px;line-height:1.11;margin:35px 0 28px;font-weight:800}.hero h1 em{font-style:normal;color:var(--teal)}.hero p{max-width:510px;font-size:17px;line-height:1.85;color:#536e74;margin-bottom:37px}.hero-actions{display:flex;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap}.btn{padding:16px 25px;border-radius:6px;font-size:12px;font-weight:800;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:25px;letter-spacing:.02em;transition:transform .2s,background .2s}.btn:hover{transform:translateY(-3px)}.btn.primary{background:var(--ink);color:white}.btn.secondary{color:var(--ink);border:1px solid #b5cfce;background:#fff9}.hero-visual{position:absolute;right:-2%;top:4%;width:63%;height:93%;z-index:1}.hero-visual canvas{width:100%;height:100%;display:block}.figure-label{position:absolute;right:10%;bottom:8%;font-family:monospace;color:#7b9da3;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-align:right;z-index:2}.hero-footer{position:absolute;left:var(--pad);right:var(--pad);bottom:23px;z-index:4;border-top:1px solid #bcd2d0;padding-top:16px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-family:monospace;font-size:10px;color:#66898a;letter-spacing:1.4px}.intro{background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:36px;padding-bottom:36px}.intro-inner{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:32px;align-items:center}.intro p{margin:0;max-width:940px;color:#5c787c;font-size:15px;line-height:1.8}.intro strong{color:var(--ink)}.intro .index{font-family:monospace;color:#74a9a9;font-size:11px;white-space:nowrap;letter-spacing:1px}.section{padding-top:110px;padding-bottom:112px}.section-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:36px;margin-bottom:47px}.eyebrow{font-family:monospace;font-weight:700;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.1px;color:var(--teal);margin-bottom:18px}.section h2{font-family:Manrope;font-size:clamp(39px,4.2vw,64px);line-height:1.17;letter-spacing:-3px;margin:0;font-weight:800}.section h2 span{color:#8fb2b0}.section-heading p{color:var(--muted);line-height:1.75;max-width:360px;font-size:14px;margin:0}.research-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:18px}.research-card{position:relative;min-height:430px;border:1px solid #d9e8e6;background:#fff;border-radius:9px;padding:27px 32px;overflow:hidden;transition:box-shadow .25s,transform .25s}.research-card:hover{transform:translateY(-5px);box-shadow:0 18px 40px #2b808012}.research-card .card-kicker{font-family:monospace;color:#48938f;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.2px}.research-card h3{font-size:22px;letter-spacing:-.7px;font-family:Manrope;margin:0 0 12px}.research-card p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);max-width:470px;margin:0}.research-card .art{height:210px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;margin:9px auto 4px}.research-card .art svg{height:100%;max-width:100%;overflow:visible}.research-card .arrow{position:absolute;right:29px;top:27px;color:var(--teal)}.art-grid{stroke:#d9e9e9;stroke-width:1}.art-line{stroke:#3c9e9b;stroke-width:1.8;fill:none}.art-dark{stroke:#236784;stroke-width:2;fill:none}.art-fill{fill:#bce6de}.art-soft{fill:#eaf7f4}.principle{background:#eaf4f2;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.principle-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.05fr 1fr;gap:5vw;align-items:center}.principle-figure{background:#fbfefd;border:1px solid #d2e4e2;border-radius:10px;aspect-ratio:1.12;display:grid;place-items:center;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.principle-figure svg{width:88%;max-height:89%}.fig-foot{position:absolute;bottom:18px;left:22px;font:10px monospace;color:#719694;letter-spacing:1px}.steps{margin-top:32px}.step{display:flex;gap:25px;border-top:1px solid #cbdeda;padding:20px 0}.step:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid #cbdeda}.step b{font:12px monospace;color:var(--teal);padding-top:5px}.step h3{font:800 19px Manrope;margin:0 0 6px}.step p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.7;margin:0}.quote{padding:84px 0;background:white;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.quote-inner{display:grid;grid-template-columns:.4fr 1fr;gap:55px}.quote span{font:11px monospace;color:var(--teal)}.quote p{font:700 clamp(27px,3.2vw,49px)/1.4 Manrope;letter-spacing:-1.5px;margin:0}.quote em{font-style:normal;color:var(--teal)}.news{background:#fff}.news-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.news-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:150px 1fr 25px;gap:20px;align-items:center;padding:24px 7px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.news-date{font:11px monospace;color:#679194}.news-title{font-weight:600;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6}.news-arrow{color:var(--teal)}.news-archive{margin-top:28px;display:inline-flex;font-size:12px;font-weight:800;border-bottom:1px solid var(--teal);padding-bottom:7px}.join{background:linear-gradient(120deg,#e8f4f1,#f8fbfa);border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.join-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:8vw;align-items:center}.join h2{margin-bottom:24px}.join p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.9}.join-card{background:#fff;border:1px solid #d8e8e5;padding:44px;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 20px 50px #307d7810}.join-card h3{font-family:Manrope;font-size:23px}.join-card .fields{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:25px 0}.join-card .fields span{font-size:11px;color:#397c7d;background:#ecf7f5;padding:10px 12px;border:1px solid #d6e8e5;border-radius:4px}.footer{background:#17343a;color:#e8f6f2;padding:58px 0 28px}.footer-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px}.footer .brand{color:white}.footer p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;color:#a6c2c1;margin:20px 0}.footer-links{display:flex;gap:26px;font-size:12px}.footer-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;border-top:1px solid #476268;padding-top:24px;margin-top:58px;font:10px monospace;color:#a7c3c0}.reveal{opacity:0;transform:translateY(20px);transition:opacity .7s,transform .7s}.reveal.visible{opacity:1;transform:none}@media(max-width:950px){.hero-content{width:68%}.hero-visual{right:-22%;width:82%;opacity:.7}.research-card{padding:23px}.section{padding-top:80px;padding-bottom:80px}.principle-layout{gap:30px}}@media(max-width:700px){.topbar{height:70px}.nav{display:none}.mobile-toggle{display:block}.mobile-menu.open{display:flex;position:fixed;top:70px;left:0;right:0;background:white;padding:30px;flex-direction:column;gap:25px;box-shadow:0 15px 20px #0001;z-index:40;font-size:15px}.hero{min-height:790px}.hero-content{width:100%;padding-top:68px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(46px,10vw,68px);letter-spacing:-3px}.hero p{font-size:15px}.hero-visual{top:320px;right:-10%;height:440px;width:120%;opacity:.53}.hero-footer{font-size:8px}.hero-footer span:last-child{display:none}.intro-inner,.section-heading{display:block}.intro .index{margin-bottom:12px}.section-heading p{margin-top:22px}.research-grid,.principle-layout,.join-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.research-card{min-height:400px}.quote-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.news-item{grid-template-columns:80px 1fr 10px;gap:10px}.news-title{font-size:13px}.footer-top,.footer-bottom{flex-direction:column;gap:18px}.footer-links{flex-wrap:wrap}.join-card{padding:27px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*:before,*:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition:none!important;animation:none!important}.reveal{opacity:1;transform:none}}

/* Verified research imagery — sourced from Fengyuan Liu's published work */
.publications{background:#fff;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.pub-feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.1fr .9fr;gap:0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;background:#f6fbfa;margin-bottom:24px}
.pub-photo{position:relative;min-height:395px;background:#ddeae9;overflow:hidden}
.pub-photo img{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;inset:0;object-fit:cover;object-position:center;transition:transform .7s}
.pub-feature:hover img{transform:scale(1.035)}
.pub-photo .auth{position:absolute;left:20px;bottom:18px;background:#fffffff2;padding:10px 13px;font:10px/1.5 monospace;color:#365a5b;max-width:80%;border-radius:4px}
.pub-copy{padding:clamp(26px,4vw,54px);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}
.pub-copy .journal,.pub-tile .journal{font:700 11px monospace;color:#218e89;letter-spacing:1.1px;margin-bottom:23px}
.pub-copy h3{font:800 clamp(27px,2.4vw,38px)/1.22 Manrope;letter-spacing:-1.4px;margin:0 0 20px}
.pub-copy p,.pub-tile p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted)}
.pub-links{display:flex;gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:18px}.pub-links a{font-weight:800;font-size:12px;color:#186d76;border-bottom:1px solid #75bcb5;padding-bottom:5px}
.pub-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px}.pub-tile{padding:28px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;background:#fafdfc}.pub-tile h3{font:750 20px/1.45 Manrope;letter-spacing:-.5px}.pub-tile .journal{margin-bottom:17px}.pub-tile p{font-size:12px}
.visual-source{margin:20px 0 0;font:11px/1.65 monospace;color:#709391}.visual-source a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}
@media(max-width:800px){.pub-feature{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pub-photo{min-height:300px}.pub-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

.paper-figure{display:grid;grid-template-columns:.8fr 1.2fr;gap:22px;padding:24px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:10px;background:#f7fbfa;margin-bottom:24px}.paper-figure iframe{width:100%;height:420px;border:1px solid #d3e5e2;border-radius:6px;background:white}.paper-figure h3{font:800 25px/1.3 Manrope;letter-spacing:-.7px}.paper-figure p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted)}@media(max-width:800px){.paper-figure{grid-template-columns:1fr}.paper-figure iframe{height:340px}}

/* Editorial research pipeline: actual content text is HTML, not baked into images */
.pipeline-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:20px}
.pipeline-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:46% 54%;align-items:stretch;min-height:242px;background:#fff;border:1px solid #cee2e0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 6px 24px rgba(27,93,91,.035);transition:transform .25s,box-shadow .25s}
.pipeline-card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);box-shadow:0 18px 36px rgba(27,93,91,.10)}
.pipeline-card>img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:242px;object-fit:cover;object-position:center;background:#edf8f9}
.pipeline-content{padding:24px 23px 20px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}
.pipeline-top{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:11px;color:#258a91}.pipeline-top>span{font:400 38px/1 Georgia,serif;color:#6ba7ae}.pipeline-top>small{font:700 10px/1.2 monospace;letter-spacing:1.8px}
.pipeline-content h3{font:800 25px/1.3 Manrope,sans-serif;margin:14px 0 13px;color:#173642}
.pipeline-content h3 em{font:500 13px/1.2 Manrope,sans-serif;color:#6e9196;font-style:normal;margin-left:7px}
.pipeline-content p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;color:#5d7982;margin:0 0 13px}
.pipeline-tags{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:5px;margin-top:auto}.pipeline-tags span{font:10px/1.4 monospace;border:1px solid #d9ebeb;border-radius:100px;padding:5px 8px;color:#528c91;background:#f5fbfa}
.pipeline-caption{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;color:#68999a;font:10px/1.6 monospace;letter-spacing:.6px;margin-top:17px}
@media(max-width:1080px){.pipeline-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pipeline-card{min-height:225px}.pipeline-card>img{min-height:225px}}
@media(max-width:620px){.pipeline-card{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pipeline-card>img{height:235px;min-height:0}.pipeline-content{padding:22px}.pipeline-caption{flex-direction:column}}


/* Original cascade block 2 */
.research-card .art{height:250px;margin:15px auto 18px}.research-card .art img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain;border-radius:7px}.pub-photo{min-height:360px}.pub-photo img{width:100%;height:100%;min-height:360px;object-fit:cover}.figure-static{border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;background:#f6fbfa;border:1px solid #d6e9e7;display:flex;align-items:center}.figure-static img{width:100%;display:block}.paper-figure{align-items:stretch}.research-card{min-height:500px}.research-card .card-kicker{position:relative;z-index:1}.research-card h3{margin-top:4px}body{font-family:Arial,'Microsoft YaHei',sans-serif}.hero h1,.section h2,.research-card h3{font-family:Arial,'Microsoft YaHei',sans-serif}

/* Original cascade block 3 */

/* Four matched research illustrations, bundled locally. */
.research-card .art{height:auto;aspect-ratio:2/1;margin:20px auto 22px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:8px;background:#f5fafb}
.research-card .art img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center;display:block;border-radius:8px}
.research-card{min-height:0}
@media(max-width:700px){.research-card .art{margin:18px auto}}


/* Original cascade block 4 */

/* Research direction headers: typography is authored in HTML, absent from illustrations */
.research-card{padding:30px 33px 32px;min-height:0}
.research-card .card-heading{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:19px;min-height:78px;margin:0 32px 14px 0}
.research-card .card-number{font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:clamp(53px,5vw,78px);font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-4px;line-height:1;color:#78aaaf;flex:none;font-variant-numeric:lining-nums}
.research-card .card-heading-text{border-left:1px solid #c8dfe2;padding-left:17px;min-width:0}
.research-card .card-heading h3{font-family:Arial,"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif!important;font-size:clamp(21px,2.2vw,29px);line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-.6px;margin:0 0 5px;font-weight:800;color:#14334b}
.research-card .card-subtitle{display:block;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:.1px;color:#657f94;line-height:1.4}
.research-card .art{height:auto;aspect-ratio:2 / 1;margin:0 0 21px;background:#f4fbfc;border:1px solid #eaf2f3}
.research-card .art img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:fill}
.research-card > p{padding-top:2px}
@media(max-width:700px){.research-card{padding:22px}.research-card .card-heading{gap:13px}.research-card .card-number{font-size:53px}.research-card .card-heading h3{font-size:20px}.research-card .card-subtitle{font-size:12px}.research-card .art{aspect-ratio:2/1}}


/* Original cascade block 5 */

/* V7: one unbroken illustration + semantic, browser-translatable text. */
.journey-wrap{border:1px solid #cfdfdf;border-radius:18px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#fcfefe 0%,#fff 65%);overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 26px 70px rgba(41,114,118,.07)}
.journey-figure{margin:0;background:#f8fdfd}
.journey-figure>img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-width:none;aspect-ratio:1921/819;object-fit:contain}
.journey-credit{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;padding:12px 30px;background:#f7fbfa;border-top:1px solid #e1eded;border-bottom:1px solid #deebea;color:#699498;font:10px/1.6 ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Consolas,monospace;letter-spacing:.07em}
.journey-credit a{color:#1a8388;font-weight:700;white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:1px solid #a8d6d4}
.journey-credit a:hover{color:#115a62}
.journey-stages{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));list-style:none;padding:0 27px 20px;margin:0;background:#fff}
.journey-stage{position:relative;padding:32px 19px 15px 20px;border-right:1px solid #e1ebea;min-width:0;transition:background .2s ease}
.journey-stage:last-child{border-right:none}
.journey-stage:before{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;left:20px;right:20px;top:0;height:2px;background:#8bc7c3;opacity:.85}
.journey-stage:hover{background:#f6fcfb}
.journey-stage-head{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:flex-start;min-height:64px}
.journey-index{font:400 44px/.95 Georgia,Times,serif;letter-spacing:-3px;color:#6daab1;min-width:55px}
.journey-kicker{display:block;margin-top:4px;font:700 9px/1.35 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace;color:#28958f;letter-spacing:1.15px}
.journey-stage h3{font-family:Arial,'Helvetica Neue',sans-serif;font-size:24px;letter-spacing:-.7px;line-height:1.15;margin:7px 0 0;color:#15343e}
.journey-stage p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.8;color:#55747c;min-height:88px;margin:16px 0 12px}
.journey-topic{font:10px/1.6 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace;color:#61969a}
.journey-note{margin:0;border-top:1px solid #e2edeb;padding:14px 30px 17px;font-size:11px;line-height:1.65;color:#7d999b;background:#fafdfc}
/* keep other research card art and title on same typographic language */
.research-card h3{font-size:22px;line-height:1.33}
@media(max-width:1100px){.journey-stages{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));padding:0 20px 20px}.journey-stage:nth-child(2){border-right:none}.journey-stage:nth-child(-n+2){border-bottom:1px solid #e1ebea}.journey-stage p{min-height:0}}
@media(max-width:650px){.journey-wrap{border-radius:12px}.journey-credit{padding:10px 14px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;font-size:9px}.journey-credit span:first-child{width:100%}.journey-stages{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:0 15px 14px}.journey-stage{border-right:0!important;border-bottom:1px solid #e1ebea;padding:22px 12px}.journey-stage:last-child{border-bottom:0}.journey-stage:before{left:12px;right:12px}.journey-stage-head{min-height:0}.journey-stage p{margin:12px 0 9px}.journey-note{padding:12px 18px}.journey-figure>img{aspect-ratio:1921/819}}


/* Original cascade block 6 */

/* V8 publications — no externally loaded images, no invented experimental figures. */
.pub-v8{background:#fff;overflow:hidden}.pub8-head{padding-bottom:42px}.pub8-head h2{max-width:740px}.pub8-head p{max-width:335px}.pub8-topline{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;border-top:1px solid #cadfdf;padding:16px 0 20px;color:#288a8c;font:700 10px/1.5 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace;letter-spacing:1.3px}.pub8-feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:46% 54%;border:1px solid #d3e5e3;border-radius:15px;overflow:hidden;background:#f6faf9;box-shadow:0 18px 50px rgba(26,94,91,.055)}.pub8-feature-visual{padding:24px 25px 18px;background:radial-gradient(circle at 75% 17%,#d6efed 0,transparent 38%),linear-gradient(160deg,#e8f5f3,#f5fbfa 70%);display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:520px;position:relative;border-right:1px solid #d1e5e1}.pub8-feature-visual:before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(#95c9c027 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,#95c9c027 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:30px 30px;opacity:.55;pointer-events:none}.pub8-v-head,.pub8-v-overline,.pub8-v-bottom,.pub8-v-caption{font:700 9px/1.5 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace;color:#478b8c;letter-spacing:1.3px}.pub8-v-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;position:relative;gap:10px}.pub8-v-main{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;flex:1;position:relative}.pub8-array{width:min(75%,315px);display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(14,1fr);grid-template-rows:repeat(12,1fr);gap:6px;margin:35px 0 0;transform:rotate(-12deg) skewY(7deg);opacity:.84}.pub8-array span{aspect-ratio:1;border-radius:2px;background:#78c7bf;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #419e9f44,inset 1px 1px 2px #ffffff88}.pub8-array span:nth-child(5n){background:#3ca6a8}.pub8-array span:nth-child(9n){background:#b4e0d7}.pub8-array span:nth-child(13n){background:#a2d5db}.pub8-v-title{font:400 clamp(65px,8vw,126px)/.9 Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:-8px;color:#126b72;margin:-7px 0 3px;text-shadow:3px 3px 0 #f0f9f6}.pub8-v-title span{font-size:.6em;vertical-align:12%}.pub8-v-main p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.6;text-align:center;color:#4d8487;margin:0 0 28px}.pub8-v-bottom{position:absolute;bottom:4px;width:100%;display:flex;justify-content:space-between}.pub8-v-caption{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.65;position:relative;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px solid #a7d7d2;color:#688f90}.pub8-feature-content{padding:clamp(30px,4.2vw,64px);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}.pub8-feature-kicker{font:800 10px/1.6 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace;letter-spacing:1.3px;color:#218a84}.pub8-dot{display:inline-block;width:7px;height:7px;margin-right:7px;border-radius:50%;background:#2fae99;box-shadow:0 0 0 4px #d2ede7}.pub8-middot{padding:0 6px;color:#a3c0bf}.pub8-feature-content h3{font:800 clamp(28px,3.05vw,47px)/1.13 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-1.9px;margin:26px 0 15px;color:#183640}.pub8-authors{font:600 11px/1.7 Arial,sans-serif;color:#3a9291!important}.pub8-summary{font:400 14px/1.8 Arial,sans-serif;color:#59747d!important;margin:23px 0 24px}.pub8-highlights{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:13px;border-top:1px solid #d2e3e1;border-bottom:1px solid #d2e3e1;padding:21px 0}.pub8-highlights div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px;min-width:0}.pub8-highlights b{font:600 clamp(20px,2.2vw,32px)/1 Georgia,serif;color:#198c8b}.pub8-highlights span{font:11px/1.4 Arial;color:#668489}.pub8-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:27px}.pub8-primary{padding:12px 17px;border-radius:6px;background:#166e72;color:#fff;font-size:12px;font-weight:700}.pub8-primary:hover{background:#0e4d55}.pub8-primary span{padding-left:10px}.pub8-secondary{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:#237d80;border-bottom:1px solid #a0ceca;padding-bottom:4px}.pub8-ref{font:9px/1.7 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace;color:#8a9fa4;letter-spacing:.3px;margin-top:24px}.pub8-ref span{margin:0 6px}.pub8-subheading{display:flex;align-items:end;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;margin:76px 0 24px}.pub8-subheading span{font:700 10px/1.5 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace;color:#329697;letter-spacing:1.2px}.pub8-subheading h3{font:800 clamp(26px,3.3vw,40px)/1.15 Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-1.5px;margin:12px 0 0}.pub8-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:20px}.pub8-card{border:1px solid #d6e5e3;border-radius:11px;overflow:hidden;background:#fcfefd;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.pub8-card-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:20px 26px;color:#448c8d;border-bottom:1px solid #d9eae6;font:700 9px/1.4 ui-monospace,monospace;letter-spacing:1px}.pub8-card-top span:first-child{font:400 27px/1 Georgia,serif}.pub8-card-abstract-art{height:210px;padding:24px 33px;background:radial-gradient(circle at 78% 25%,#e0efff 0,transparent 30%),linear-gradient(135deg,#eaf6f5,#d9ebeb);display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.pub8-card-abstract-art:after{content:'';position:absolute;width:310px;height:310px;border:1px solid #65afab55;border-radius:50%;right:-55px;top:5px;box-shadow:0 0 0 38px #6dc8b516,0 0 0 78px #6dc8b515,0 0 0 128px #6dc8b512}.pub8-card-teal{background:radial-gradient(circle at 76% 18%,#b6e2d9,transparent 32%),linear-gradient(135deg,#dcefeb,#f2f8f4)}.pub8-card-type{font:700 10px/1.4 ui-monospace,monospace;color:#478c8a;letter-spacing:1.2px;position:relative;z-index:1}.pub8-card-big{font:600 clamp(42px,4.7vw,69px)/.93 Georgia,serif;letter-spacing:-3.5px;margin-top:13px;color:#226c72;position:relative;z-index:1}.pub8-card-decor{font:700 9px/1.6 ui-monospace,monospace;letter-spacing:1.2px;color:#5b9998;position:absolute;right:28px;bottom:18px;z-index:1}.pub8-card-info{padding:26px 31px 27px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1}.pub8-card h4{font:800 clamp(21px,2.2vw,28px)/1.22 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.8px;margin:0 0 15px;max-width:600px}.pub8-card-info>p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.75;color:#607981;margin:0 0 24px;flex:1}.pub8-card-foot{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;align-items:end}.pub8-card-foot span{font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;color:#749195}.pub8-card-foot a{white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:#177b7e;border-bottom:1px solid #95cbc7;padding-bottom:4px}.pub8-card-doi{font:9px/1.5 ui-monospace,monospace;letter-spacing:.6px;margin-top:20px;color:#7a9598}.pub8-note{display:flex;gap:15px;align-items:start;margin-top:34px;padding:20px 24px;background:#f2f8f7;border:1px solid #dbeae8;border-radius:8px}.pub8-note-icon{font:italic 600 23px/1 Georgia,serif;color:#30978f;width:25px;flex:none}.pub8-note strong{font-size:12px;color:#295e65}.pub8-note p{font-size:11px;line-height:1.7;color:#6a8489;margin:7px 0 0}
@media(max-width:1100px){.pub8-feature{grid-template-columns:43% 57%}.pub8-feature-visual{min-height:460px}.pub8-feature-content{padding:35px}.pub8-v-title{font-size:86px}}
@media(max-width:780px){.pub8-feature{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pub8-feature-visual{min-height:400px;border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid #d1e5e1}.pub8-feature-content{padding:32px}.pub8-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pub8-feature-content h3{font-size:30px}.pub8-subheading{margin-top:53px}}
@media(max-width:520px){.pub8-topline{font-size:8px}.pub8-topline span:last-child{display:none}.pub8-feature-visual{min-height:390px;padding:16px}.pub8-v-head{font-size:7px}.pub8-array{width:75%;gap:4px}.pub8-v-title{font-size:75px}.pub8-feature-content{padding:24px}.pub8-highlights{gap:5px}.pub8-highlights b{font-size:22px}.pub8-highlights span{font-size:9px}.pub8-feature-content h3{font-size:28px;letter-spacing:-1px}.pub8-ref{font-size:8px}.pub8-subheading>span{display:none}.pub8-card-top{padding:16px 19px;font-size:8px}.pub8-card-abstract-art{height:195px;padding:19px}.pub8-card-info{padding:21px}.pub8-card-foot{align-items:start;flex-direction:column}}


/* Original cascade block 7 */

.pub9{background:#fff;padding-bottom:100px}.pub9-heading{padding-bottom:30px}.pub9-heading p{max-width:330px}.pub9-eyebrow,.pub9-kicker,.pub9-meta,.pub9-figure figcaption,.pub9-global-credit,.pub9-other-top{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Consolas,monospace;letter-spacing:.8px;color:#288c8a}.pub9-eyebrow{border-top:1px solid #d7e7e4;padding:14px 0 23px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;font-size:10px;font-weight:700}.pub9-lead{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.18fr .9fr;gap:0;border:1px solid #d4e5e3;border-radius:13px;overflow:hidden;background:#fbfefd}.pub9-hero-figure{margin:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:#edf8f6;border-right:1px solid #d4e5e3}.pub9-figure figcaption{padding:14px 19px;font-size:9px;line-height:1.7;letter-spacing:.1px}.pub9-figure figcaption b{color:#177f7e;margin-right:7px}.pub9-figure figcaption a{color:#147e7d;text-decoration:underline}.pub9-imagebox{position:relative;overflow:hidden;display:grid;place-items:center;min-width:0;background:radial-gradient(circle at 55% 55%,#e0f5f1,#f7fcfb 72%)}.pub9-imagebox img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain}.pub9-imagebox img[hidden]{display:none}.pub9-hero-img{height:490px;padding:14px}.pub9-unavailable{display:none;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;text-align:center;padding:25px;max-width:335px;gap:12px;color:#527d80}.pub9-imagebox.fig9-missing .pub9-unavailable{display:flex}.pub9-unavailable strong{color:#175b62;font-size:20px;line-height:1.3}.pub9-unavailable span{font-size:13px}.pub9-unavailable small{font-size:11px;line-height:1.6;color:#789399}.pub9-unavailable a{font-size:11px;border-bottom:1px solid #a4d1c9;color:#168481;padding-bottom:3px}.pub9-lead-copy{padding:clamp(25px,3.6vw,54px);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}.pub9-meta{font-size:10px;font-weight:700}.pub9-meta span{color:#96bcb8;padding:0 5px}.pub9-lead-copy h3{font-size:clamp(26px,2.65vw,41px);line-height:1.16;letter-spacing:-1.4px;margin:20px 0 14px;color:#15343d}.pub9-intro{font-size:13px;line-height:1.8;color:#607c82!important}.pub9-stats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:12px;border-top:1px solid #cddfdb;border-bottom:1px solid #cddfdb;padding:22px 0;margin-top:20px}.pub9-stats div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:6px;min-width:0}.pub9-stats strong{font:500 clamp(20px,2.2vw,32px)/1.1 Georgia,serif;color:#187d7b}.pub9-stats span{font-size:10px;line-height:1.4;color:#719096}.pub9-actions{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:24px}.pub9-actions a{border:1px solid #8bcac2;padding:11px 14px;border-radius:5px;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:#137674}.pub9-actions a:first-child{background:#137674;color:white;border-color:#137674}.pub9-credit{font-size:10px!important;line-height:1.65!important;color:#789295!important;margin-top:21px}.pub9-subhead{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;align-items:end;margin:70px 0 23px}.pub9-kicker{font-size:9px;font-weight:700}.pub9-subhead h3{font-size:clamp(25px,3.1vw,40px);line-height:1.2;margin:8px 0 0;letter-spacing:-1px;color:#193943}.pub9-subhead p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;color:#789195;max-width:265px;text-align:right;margin:0}.pub9-figure-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:17px}.pub9-experiment{border:1px solid #d6e6e3;border-radius:10px;overflow:hidden;background:#fcfefe;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.pub9-experiment figure{margin:0}.pub9-photo{height:228px;padding:10px;background:#f0f8f6}.pub9-experiment .pub9-unavailable strong{font-size:16px}.pub9-experiment .pub9-unavailable span{font-size:11px}.pub9-experiment figcaption{border-bottom:1px solid #e0ebe9;padding:12px 20px}.pub9-exp-copy{padding:22px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1}.pub9-exp-copy h4{font-size:20px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-.4px;margin:0 0 11px;color:#153942}.pub9-exp-copy p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.65;color:#6d888b;margin:0 0 23px;flex:1}.pub9-exp-copy a,.pub9-other a{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:#087d79;align-self:start;border-bottom:1px solid #91c5c2;padding-bottom:3px}.pub9-other-head{margin-top:76px}.pub9-other-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px}.pub9-other{border:1px solid #d5e5e3;border-radius:11px;padding:27px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:270px}.pub9-other-top{font-size:9px;font-weight:700;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px}.pub9-other h4{font-size:23px;line-height:1.24;letter-spacing:-.6px;margin:22px 0 11px}.pub9-other p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.75;color:#729196;flex:1;margin:0 0 18px}.pub9-other small{font:9px/1.5 ui-monospace,monospace;color:#849da1;margin-top:15px}.pub9-global-credit{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.75;margin-top:26px;color:#82999c}.pub9-global-credit a{color:#217f7d;text-decoration:underline}
@media(max-width:1020px){.pub9-lead{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pub9-hero-figure{border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid #d4e5e3}.pub9-hero-img{height:400px}.pub9-figure-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.pub9-lead-copy{padding:37px}}
@media(max-width:720px){.pub9-eyebrow span:last-child{display:none}.pub9-hero-img{height:300px}.pub9-figure-grid,.pub9-other-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pub9-subhead{display:block}.pub9-subhead p{margin-top:11px;text-align:left}.pub9-photo{height:265px}.pub9-lead-copy{padding:24px}.pub9-stats strong{font-size:23px}.pub9-other{min-height:240px;padding:23px}}


/* Original cascade block 8 */

/* V10: embedded original peer-reviewed image excerpts. */
.pub10-image-link{position:absolute;inset:0;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:0;color:inherit;cursor:zoom-in}
.pub10-image-link img{width:100%;height:100%;max-height:100%;display:block;object-fit:contain;transition:transform .45s ease}
.pub10-image-link:hover img{transform:scale(1.025)}
.pub9-hero-img,.pub9-photo{background:#f7fbfa}
.pub9-hero-img{padding:18px 20px}
.pub9-photo{padding:16px}
.pub9-hero-img .pub10-image-link{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}
.pub9-hero-img .pub10-image-link img{max-height:100%;width:100%;object-fit:contain}
.pub9-figure figcaption{color:#537a7a!important}
@media(max-width:720px){.pub9-hero-img{height:350px!important;padding:12px}}


/* Original cascade block 9 */

.v11-lightbox{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:99999;display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:32px;background:rgba(10,36,40,.88);cursor:zoom-out}
.v11-lightbox.open{display:flex}.v11-lightbox img{display:block;max-width:min(1200px,95vw);max-height:90vh;object-fit:contain;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 12px 55px rgba(0,0,0,.3)}
.v11-lightbox button{position:absolute;right:25px;top:20px;width:42px;height:42px;border-radius:50%;background:white;border:0;color:#173b40;font-size:23px;cursor:pointer}


/* Original cascade block 10 */

/* V12: optimize research cards for white-background illustrations and clearer padding */
.research-card{padding:32px 34px 34px;background:#fff}
.research-card .card-heading{margin:0 36px 18px 0}
.research-card .art{aspect-ratio:16/9;margin:0 0 22px;background:#fff;border:1px solid #e3edef;border-radius:12px;padding:18px;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}
.research-card .art img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain;object-position:center center;display:block;border-radius:8px;background:#fff}
.research-card>p{color:#5d7487;line-height:1.85}
@media (max-width:700px){
  .research-card{padding:22px}
  .research-card .card-heading{margin-right:18px}
  .research-card .art{padding:12px;aspect-ratio:16/10}
}


/* Original cascade block 11 */

.pub9-hero-img,.pub9-photo{background:#fff!important;padding:0!important;height:auto!important;min-height:0!important;border-radius:14px;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid #e1eceb}
.pub10-image-link{position:static!important;display:block!important;width:100%!important;height:auto!important;min-height:0!important}
.pub10-image-link img{display:block!important;width:100%!important;height:auto!important;max-height:none!important;object-fit:contain!important;background:#fff}
.pub9-figure figcaption,.pub9-credit,.pub9-global-credit{display:none!important}
.pub9-actions a:nth-child(n+2), .pub9-exp-copy a{display:none!important}
.pub9-imagebox{box-shadow:none!important}
.pub9-exp-copy{padding-top:18px}
.pub9-lead-copy{padding-top:30px}