/* Small maintenance improvements over the preserved V16 cascade. */
html{scroll-padding-top:105px}
.skip-link{position:fixed;top:12px;left:12px;z-index:100000;background:#fff;padding:12px 18px;border:2px solid var(--teal);transform:translateY(-160%)}
.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}
/* Content stays readable if JavaScript or observers are unavailable. */
.reveal{opacity:1;transform:none}
.reveal-pending{opacity:0;transform:translateY(20px)}
.reveal-pending.visible{opacity:1;transform:none}
.nav a[aria-current="location"]{color:var(--teal)}
.nav a.pill[aria-current="location"]{color:white}
.mobile-toggle{min-width:44px;min-height:44px;cursor:pointer}
.research-card .card-heading h3{overflow-wrap:break-word}
.research-card .card-subtitle{display:none} /* V16 repeats the heading verbatim. */
.research-card .arrow,.news-arrow{visibility:hidden} /* These are not links. */
dialog.figure-viewer{border:0;padding:56px 20px 20px;border-radius:12px;background:#f7faf9;max-width:96vw;max-height:94dvh;color:var(--ink)}
dialog.figure-viewer::backdrop{background:rgba(10,36,40,.88)}
.figure-viewer img{display:block;max-width:90vw;max-height:78dvh;width:auto;height:auto;object-fit:contain;margin:auto}
.figure-viewer button{position:absolute;right:12px;top:8px;width:44px;height:44px;border:0;border-radius:50%;font-size:26px;background:white;color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer}
body.figure-open{overflow:hidden}
@media(max-width:700px){html{scroll-padding-top:88px}.hero-content{padding-bottom:150px}.hero-footer{letter-spacing:.7px}.research-card .card-heading{margin-right:0}.section h2{overflow-wrap:break-word}.pub9-stats{flex-wrap:wrap}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.reveal-pending{opacity:1;transform:none}}

/* Experimental evidence: each original figure gets space suited to its aspect ratio. */
.pub9-imagebox.pub10-loaded{display:block;min-width:0}
.pub10-loaded .pub10-image-link{inset:auto;width:100%;height:auto}
.pub10-loaded img{visibility:visible;opacity:1}
.experiment-rows{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px}
.experiment-rows .pub9-experiment{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.25fr) minmax(0,1fr);align-items:center;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;min-height:0}
.experiment-rows .pub9-figure{margin:0;padding:28px;background:#fff;border-right:1px solid #e5eeee}
.experiment-rows .pub9-photo{border:0;border-radius:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:380px;margin:auto}
.experiment-rows .pub9-experiment:nth-child(2) .pub9-photo{max-width:none}
.experiment-rows .pub9-exp-copy{padding:32px 36px}
.experiment-rows .pub9-exp-copy h4{font-size:25px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 16px;letter-spacing:0}
.experiment-rows .pub9-exp-copy p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9;margin:0;max-width:34em}
.experiment-kicker{display:block;font:11px/1.5 ui-monospace,monospace;letter-spacing:1.5px;color:var(--teal);margin-bottom:16px}
/* Hide only the isolated Time (s) fragment in the webpage thumbnail.
   Source pixels and the full-size original remain untouched and accessible. */
.experiment-rows .pub9-experiment:nth-child(3) .pub10-image-link{position:relative!important}
.experiment-rows .pub9-experiment:nth-child(3) .pub10-image-link:after{content:'';position:absolute;left:45%;top:0;width:17%;height:6.8%;background:#fff;pointer-events:none}
.experiment-rows .pub10-image-link:hover img{transform:none}
.experiment-rows .pub10-image-link:focus-visible{outline-offset:-3px}
@media(max-width:720px){
 .experiment-rows .pub9-experiment{grid-template-columns:1fr}
 .experiment-rows .pub9-figure{padding:20px;border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid #e5eeee}
 .experiment-rows .pub9-exp-copy{padding:24px}
 .experiment-rows .pub9-exp-copy h4{font-size:22px}
}

/* V17: bilingual, semantic page content and the original lab roster. */
.header-tools{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;flex-shrink:0}
.topbar{gap:22px}
.nav{gap:clamp(14px,1.7vw,28px);font-size:11px}
.language-switch{display:flex;padding:3px;border:1px solid #d4e4e2;border-radius:6px;background:#fff}
.language-switch button{background:transparent;border:0;border-radius:3px;padding:7px 8px;font:700 11px/1.2 Arial,'Microsoft YaHei',sans-serif;color:#657e83;cursor:pointer;min-height:32px}
.language-switch button[aria-pressed=true]{background:#e9f4f1;color:#116c6c}
.people{background:#f7faf9;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.pi-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:240px 1fr;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;overflow:hidden}
.pi-portrait{width:100%;height:280px;object-fit:cover;object-position:78% 32%;display:block}
.pi-copy{align-self:center;padding:36px 44px}
.pi-copy .eyebrow{margin-bottom:14px}
.pi-copy h3{font-size:34px;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-1px;margin:0 0 14px}
.pi-copy p{color:var(--muted);font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;margin:0 0 7px}
.pi-copy .person-role{color:#2b797b;font-weight:600}
.text-link{display:inline-block;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:#147775;border-bottom:1px solid #91c5c2;padding-bottom:5px;line-height:1.7}
.pi-copy .text-link{margin-top:16px}
.people-subhead{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;align-items:baseline;margin:40px 0 20px}
.people-subhead h3{font-size:23px;letter-spacing:-.6px;margin:0}
.people-subhead>span{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.7}
.members-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px}
.member-card{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:18px;background:white;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:9px;padding:20px;min-width:0}
.member-card>img,.member-initials{width:86px;height:100px;flex:none;border-radius:5px;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 25%;display:block;background:#eaf4f1}
.member-initials{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font:400 29px/1 Georgia,serif;color:#5b9c9e;letter-spacing:-1px}
.member-copy{min-width:0}
.member-copy h4{font-size:17px;line-height:1.4;margin:0 0 7px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.member-copy p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin:0}
.publication-archive{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.publication-archive summary{cursor:pointer;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;padding:24px 5px;list-style:none;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#1b6c70}
.publication-archive summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.publication-archive summary>span:last-child{font-size:25px;line-height:1;font-weight:400;transition:transform .2s}
.publication-archive[open] summary>span:last-child{transform:rotate(45deg)}
.publication-year{display:grid;grid-template-columns:90px 1fr;gap:25px;border-top:1px solid #e1ecea;padding:27px 5px}
.publication-year h4{font:400 28px/1.2 Georgia,serif;color:#6a9b9b;margin:0}
.publication-year ol{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}
.publication-year li+li{margin-top:25px;padding-top:25px;border-top:1px solid #eef3f2}
.publication-year h5{font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0}
.publication-year p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);margin:0}
.publication-year .paper-journal{color:#2d8585;margin-top:4px}
.opportunities{margin-top:45px}
.opportunity-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.opportunity-grid li{background:#ffffffc9;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:24px;border-radius:8px}
.opportunity-grid h4,.international-note h4{font-size:17px;line-height:1.4;margin:0 0 10px}
.opportunity-grid p,.international-note p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.8;margin:0;color:var(--muted)}
.international-note{margin-top:22px;padding:23px 0 0;border-top:1px solid #cddfdb}
.news-item{grid-template-columns:120px 1fr}
.news-arrow{display:none}
.news-date{line-height:1.6}
.pub9-lead-copy h3{font-size:clamp(25px,2.3vw,36px);line-height:1.28;letter-spacing:-.7px}
html[lang=zh-CN] .hero h1{letter-spacing:-2px}
html[lang=zh-CN] .section h2{letter-spacing:-1.5px}
html[lang=zh-CN] .micro,html[lang=zh-CN] .eyebrow{letter-spacing:1px}
html[lang=zh-CN] .pub9-subhead h3{letter-spacing:0}
@media(max-width:1100px){.members-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.member-card{padding:17px;gap:15px}.brand{font-size:22px}.brand-mark{width:30px}.topbar{gap:14px}.nav{gap:13px}.pill{padding:12px 14px}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.nav{display:none}.mobile-toggle{display:block}.mobile-menu.open{display:flex;position:fixed;top:86px;left:0;right:0;background:white;padding:28px var(--pad);flex-direction:column;gap:22px;box-shadow:0 15px 20px #0001;z-index:40;font-size:15px;max-height:calc(100dvh - 86px);overflow-y:auto}}
@media(max-width:700px){.mobile-menu.open{top:70px;max-height:calc(100dvh - 70px)}.header-tools{gap:8px}.topbar{gap:10px}.brand{gap:7px;font-size:21px}.brand small{font-size:7px}.language-switch button{padding:7px 6px}.pi-card{grid-template-columns:125px 1fr}.pi-portrait{height:100%;min-height:230px}.pi-copy{padding:24px 20px}.pi-copy h3{font-size:25px}.pi-copy p{font-size:12px}.pi-copy .text-link{font-size:10px}.people-subhead{display:block}.people-subhead>span{display:block;margin-top:10px}.members-grid{gap:12px}.member-card{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;padding:16px;gap:12px}.member-card>img,.member-initials{width:100%;height:150px}.member-copy h4{font-size:16px}.opportunity-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.opportunity-grid li{padding:20px}.publication-year{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:17px}.publication-year h4{font-size:24px}.pub9-subhead .text-link{margin-top:15px}.news-item{grid-template-columns:85px 1fr}.pub9-stats{gap:8px}.pub9-stats span{font-size:10px}.publication-archive summary{font-size:13px}}
@media(max-width:380px){.brand small{letter-spacing:.8px}.brand-mark{width:25px}.language-switch button{padding:7px 5px}.header-tools{gap:4px}.opportunity-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* Native SVG touch-and-signal mark, with live HTML wordmark alongside it. */
.brand-mark{display:block;flex:none;width:44px;height:44px;object-fit:contain}
@media(max-width:1100px){.brand-mark{width:40px;height:40px}}
@media(max-width:700px){.brand-mark{width:38px;height:38px}}
@media(max-width:380px){.brand-mark{width:34px;height:34px}}

/* V18: the approved fingertip/N wordmark, source-aligned content and open bibliography. */
.brand-lockup{gap:2px;flex:none;letter-spacing:0}
.brand-lockup .brand-mark{width:64px;height:68px;object-fit:contain}
.brand-wordmark{display:block;padding:0}
.brand-lockup .wordmark-text{font:700 32px/1 'Trebuchet MS',Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-1.6px;color:#123e48}
.institution-name{display:inline-block;margin-top:13px;color:#57777e;font:500 15px/1.5 Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.4px;pointer-events:auto}
.institution-name:hover{color:#157e7f}
.hero-content>.institution-name+h1{margin-top:23px}
.source-research-figure{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:28px;margin:0 0 28px;padding:18px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;border-radius:10px;overflow:hidden}
.source-research-figure img{width:42%;max-width:440px;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:5px}
.source-research-figure figcaption{font-size:18px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.6;color:#397b80}
.research-card .card-heading h3{font-size:clamp(21px,2vw,29px);line-height:1.25}
.publication-jump{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 28px}
.publication-jump a{font-size:12px;color:#176f73;border:1px solid #cddfdd;border-radius:5px;padding:12px 16px;background:#f7fbfa}
.publication-jump a:hover{background:#eaf4f1}
.archive-heading{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:8px 30px;padding:26px 5px}
.archive-heading h3{font-size:25px;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.5px;margin:0}
.archive-heading p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);margin:0}
.archive-heading .text-link{grid-column:2;grid-row:1/3;align-self:center}
.publication-archive{margin-bottom:0;scroll-margin-top:100px}
#publication-highlights{scroll-margin-top:110px}
.contact-address{color:#176f73;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.footer-contact{display:inline-block;margin-top:16px;font-size:12px;color:#d4ece7}
@media(max-width:1100px){.brand-lockup .brand-mark{width:56px;height:62px}.brand-lockup .wordmark-text{font-size:29px}}
@media(max-width:700px){
 .brand-lockup{gap:0}.brand-lockup .brand-mark{width:51px;height:58px}.brand-lockup .wordmark-text{font-size:27px}.institution-name{font-size:13px;margin-top:9px}
 .source-research-figure{gap:16px;padding:12px}.source-research-figure img{width:52%}.source-research-figure figcaption{font-size:13px}
 .research-card .card-heading h3{font-size:23px}.archive-heading{display:block;padding:25px 0}.archive-heading p{margin:10px 0 14px}.publication-archive{scroll-margin-top:85px;margin-bottom:0}
}
@media(max-width:380px){.brand-lockup .brand-mark{width:45px}.brand-lockup .wordmark-text{font-size:24px}}